Each year, about 30% of all new cancer cases in women have a breast cancer diagnosis. It is the most common cancer among women worldwide, but through understanding the disease and the importance of early detection, many of its cases are treatable.

At Genesis Medical Associates, we understand how important it is to stay informed about breast cancer. This blog aims to shed light on the complexities of breast cancer - diving into risk factors, symptoms, and most importantly, strategies for prevention. Whether you're a patient, a caregiver, or simply a concerned individual, our goal is to equip you with the insights and understanding you need to navigate this challenging terrain.

What is a Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer occurs when cells in the breast tissue divide and grow abnormally, forming a tumor or mass. Breast cancer tumors can invade nearby tissues and organs or spread through the bloodstream and lymphatic system to other parts of the body.

The two main types of breast cancer are:

• Invasive Breast Cancer: Invasive breast cancers have spread into the surrounding breast tissue and may spread to other parts of the body.
• Non-invasive Breast Cancer: Non-invasive tumors remain in their place of origin, usually a milk duct. They are less likely to spread and generally have lower mortality rates.

What Are The Risk Factors?

Several factors can increase the risk of breast cancer in both men and women. It's important to note that having one or more of these risk factors doesn't necessarily mean that breast cancer will occur, but it does mean that the likelihood of developing the disease is higher.

• Age: The risk of breast cancer tends to increase with age. Most breast cancers are diagnosed in women over the age of 50.
• Family History: A significant family history of breast or ovarian cancer can increase breast cancer risk. If your mother, sister, or daughter has been diagnosed with breast or ovarian cancer, you are more likely to develop breast cancer.
• Genetic Mutations: Certain inherited genetic mutations, such as those on the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, significantly escalate the risk of breast and ovarian cancer.

However, it's essential to dispel some common breast cancer myths. For instance, while family history does indeed play a role, the majority of women diagnosed with breast cancer have no family history of the disease. Lifestyle choices, such as maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcohol intake, and engaging in regular physical activity, can also significantly influence the risk of breast cancer. Awareness and understanding are your best defenses against this widespread disease.

What Are The Symptoms?

Breast cancer symptoms can vary widely and may not even be noticeable in the initial stages. However, the most common sign is a lump or mass in the breast tissue. This lump is often painless, hard, and has irregular edges, but it can also be tender, soft, and rounded.

Other symptoms to look out for include:

• Changes in the size, shape, or appearance of the breast or breast tissue
• Swelling or thickening of a portion of the breast
• Dimpling or puckering of the skin over the breast tissue
• Inversion of the nipple or other changes in the nipple region, such as redness or scaling
• Unexplained swelling or shrinkage of the breast, particularly if it's only on one side
• Pain in the breast or nipple area
• Nipple discharge other than breast milk
• Changes to the skin over the breast, such as redness, scaling, or the appearance of an orange peel

It's crucial to remember that these symptoms can also be attributed to less serious conditions. Therefore, although it's important not to panic, any changes in your breast tissue should be checked by a healthcare professional promptly.

Regular self-examinations of your breasts are an invaluable tool for early detection of these symptoms. By familiarizing yourself with the normal look and feel of your breast tissue, you can detect any unusual changes more readily and seek medical advice at the earliest opportunity. Early detection is key to successful treatment and can drastically improve survival rates.

Remember, every individual's body is different, and what is normal for one person may not be for another. Trust your instincts—if something feels off, it's worth getting it checked out. Awareness and proactivity could ultimately save your life.

Can Breast Cancer Be Prevented?

While it's impossible to completely eliminate the risk or entirely prevent breast cancer, several lifestyle changes can significantly reduce it:

• Maintain a Healthy Weight: Obesity, particularly after menopause, increases the risk of breast cancer. A balanced diet and regular exercise can help maintain a healthy weight.
• Exercise Regularly: Physical activity can help you maintain a healthy weight, which, in turn, helps prevent breast cancer. Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise on most days of the week.
• Limit Alcohol Intake: The more alcohol you drink, the greater your risk of developing breast cancer. It's recommended to limit your intake to no more than one drink per day.
• Avoid Smoking: Evidence suggests a link between smoking and breast cancer risk, particularly in premenopausal women.
• Limit Dose and Duration of Hormone Therapy: Prolonged hormonal therapy can increase the risk of breast cancer. If you're taking such drugs, discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

In addition to lifestyle changes, regular medical check-ups cannot be overemphasized in the fight against breast cancer. Healthcare professionals are equipped with expertise and tools to detect breast cancer at its earliest stages when it's most treatable.

Breast cancer screening methods are numerous and can be tailored to individual risk factors and needs. The most common method is mammography, an X-ray of the breast used to detect abnormalities even before they can be felt. Women aged 40 and older are generally advised to have a mammogram annually or every two years. High-risk younger women may also need to start mammography earlier or seek more intensive screening procedures like MRI or ultrasound.

Other screening methods such as clinical breast exams—where a healthcare professional physically examines the breasts for lumps or other changes—can also be beneficial. Self-exams, too, are an important tool for early detection. By routinely examining your breasts, you'll be more likely to notice any changes and seek medical attention promptly.

How Genesis Medical Associates Can Help?

Breast cancer is a pervasive disease, but awareness, understanding, and proactive behavior can significantly influence its impact. Being cognizant of the risk factors, identifying symptoms early, and adopting preventative measures can make a considerable difference.

At Genesis Medical Associates, we are equipped to provide comprehensive care and guidance in breast cancer prevention and early detection. Additionally, our number one priority is helping you maintain a healthy lifestyle and take care of yourself. Our team can assess your needs and risk, provide advice and support, and offer personalized treatment options.

At Genesis Medical Associates, we are dedicated to providing families with access to primary care and improving the overall health and wellness of our patients. We offer a variety of services including primary care, gynecologic care,cardiology, telemedicine, and more. Visit one of our many Pittsburgh, PA locations or schedule an appointment online  today.